php - 实际开发中哪些场景需要用到观察者模式？

Question

实际开发中哪些场景需要用到观察者模式？能具体例子吗，最好有代码（PHP），谢谢！

Answer 1

<?php
/**
 * Created by PhpStorm.
 * User: zhudong
 * Date: 16/8/11
 * Time: 下午4:02
 */
class Newspaper implements SplSubject {
    private $name;
    private $observers;
    private $content;
    public function __construct($name){
        $this->$name = $name;
        $this->observers = new SplObjectStorage();
    }
    public function attach(SplObserver $observer){
        $this->observers->attach($observer);
    }
    public function detach(SplObserver $observer){
        $this->observers->detach($observer);
    }
    public function notify(){
        foreach ($this->observers as $observer) {
            $observer->update($this);
        }
    }
    public function getContent(){
        return $this->content."{$this->name}";
    }
    public function breakOutNews($content) {
        $this->content = $content;
        $this->notify();
    }
}

<?php
/**
 * Created by PhpStorm.
 * User: zhudong
 * Date: 16/8/11
 * Time: 下午4:17
 */
class Reader implements SplObserver {
    private $name;
    public function __construct($name){
        $this->name = $name;
    }
    public function update(SplSubject $subject) {
        echo $this->name.' is reading breakout news'.$subject->getContent();
    }
}

<?php
/**
 * Created by PhpStorm.
 * User: zhudong
 * Date: 16/8/11
 * Time: 下午4:26
 */
include "Newspaper.php";
include "Reader.php";
class WorkFlow {
    public function run() {
        $newspaper = new Newspaper('New York Times');
        $allen = new Reader("allen");
        $jimmy = new Reader("jimmy");
        $tom = new Reader("tom");
        $newspaper->attach($allen);
        $newspaper->attach($jimmy);
        $newspaper->attach($tom);
        $newspaper->detach($tom);
        $newspaper->breakOutNews('USA BREAK DOWN');
        
    }
}
$work = new WorkFlow();
$work->run();

可以看这个例子，newspaper是被观察的对象，reader是观察者。当报纸发布消息， 每一个用户都会得到通知。这就是观察者模式的使用场景。

Answer 2

比如按業務來說的話，常見的就好比註冊、下訂單：

• 註冊：一般會跟活動掛鉤，比如註冊送金幣、積分之類的；包括推薦人之類

• 下訂單就比較多了，活動是最起碼的；其次比如發短信、郵件等

以上是常見的場景。其實按到現實生活中的例子就是：警察來了，就得通知各個商販趕緊跑路。其中警察就是被觀察者，那些商販就是觀察者。

Answer 3

定义：当一个对象状态发生改变时，依赖他的对象全部得到通知
优点：低耦合、非侵入式

Answer 4

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