springboot如何读取resources下的文件

项目中很多时候需要读取自定义配置文件，本地开发工具怎么写都成功但是部署到服务其上就出现问题，

异常BOOT-INF/classes!/config.xml (文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确.)路径中带有叹号之类的

了解了大概之后就是springboot打成jar是一个文件，也就是一个压缩包，没有办法读取压缩文件里的路径，因此要解决这个问题了解读取配置文件的原理，直接获取文件流就可以了。

1、使用项目内路径读取，只能在开发工具中使用，部署之后无法读取。（不通用）

类似：src/main/resources/default.xml

File file = new File("src/main/resources/default.xml");

    @Test
    public void testReadFile2() throws IOException {
        File file = new File("src/main/resources/default.xml");
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
        String data = null;
        while((data = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }
        
        br.close();
        isr.close();
        fis.close();
    }

 2、使用org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils，读取。在linux环境中无法读取。（不通用）

File file = ResourceUtils.getFile("classpath:default.xml");
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);

    @Test
    public void testReadFile3() throws IOException {
        File file = ResourceUtils.getFile("classpath:default.xml");
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
        String data = null;
        while((data = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }
        
        br.close();
        isr.close();
        fis.close();
    }

3、使用org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource，各种环境都能读取。（通用）

Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("resource.properties");
InputStream is = resource.getInputStream();

    @Test
    public void testReadFile() throws IOException {
//        ClassPathResource classPathResource = new ClassPathResource("default.xml");
        Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("default.xml");
        InputStream is = resource.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
        String data = null;
        while((data = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }
        
        br.close();
        isr.close();
        is.close();
    }

4、结合spring注解，使用org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;类的注解。（通用）

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ApplicationTests {
 
    @Autowired
    ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
    
    
    @Test
    public void testReaderFile() throws IOException {
        Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:default.xml");
        InputStream is = resource.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
        String data = null;
        while((data = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(data);
        }
        
        br.close();
        isr.close();
        is.close();
    }
}

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